Levels Of Security
The so-called “defence-in-depth,” or a series of security tiers, is the essential principle for assuring the safety of nuclear power facilities. Many various technical and organizational measures are used to assure security, according to it.
Individual security mechanisms can fail, and people can make mistakes, they believe. As a result, they never rely on a single level of protection; if one fails, they have another in place to restrict or reduce the effects of the scenario.
There are five distinct security levels (“lines of defence”) in the security level sequence:
Level One:
High-quality power plant design and construction, as well as operation, such that safety takes precedence over production duties – we avoid deviations from normal operation even during design and construction. To prevent the uncontrolled leaking of radioactive compounds into the environment, it is critical to construct proper protective barriers with adequate safety reserves. This is to ensure that the power plant’s systems and gadgets are highly reliable and resistant to internal & external threats.
Level Two
System and staff monitoring of the plant’s operation in order to detect any deviations from normal operation as soon as feasible and take corrective action. Emergency situations are avoided thanks to quick responses, which are often automated by appropriate power plant technologies.
Level Three
Safety systems are responsible for controlling design flaws, preventing significant failures, and reducing their radioactive consequences. Emergency cooling systems and reactor containment, for example, prevent radioactive compounds from seeping into the environment.
Level Four
Specially designed safety systems: they restrict and minimize the impacts of catastrophic accidents, maintain the structural integrity and efficiency of the containment, and avoid hydrogen explosions and housing damage in the case of a reactor core meltdown. The discharge of radioactive substances into the environment is reduced as a result of them.
Level Five
Preventing the health effects of large-scale releases of radioactive substances into the environment through interventions such as thyroid exposure prophylaxis (the administration of non-radioactive iodine tablets), detention at home or temporary evacuation, air, water, soil, and food contamination monitoring, and a temporary ban on consuming locally produced food and water.
The Nuclear Power Plant’s Location
Before choosing a specific location for a nuclear power station, the region of prospective construction, surface and subterranean waters, and other factors are thoroughly investigated. All environmental factors are taken into consideration.
Standardization is used while designing power plants to provide the greatest quality of design, production of individual pieces, assembly, and construction and operation. Simultaneously, security systems are tailored to the specifics of each area, ensuring that each nuclear power station is perfectly adapted to its surroundings.
Surveillance & Security Checks Are Routinely Monitored
The Agency’s President issues permit pertaining to the building, start-up, operation, and possible decommissioning of nuclear power plants after a comprehensive study of the evidence given by the investor/operator. With the help of a team of highly qualified nuclear regulatory inspectors, the National Atomic Energy Agency will maintain regular oversight of the nuclear power plant’s safety and the operations that take place there, as well as to conduct continuous control and safety assessments of the facility.
The Office of Technological Inspection would also be in charge of oversight; it approves construction documents and materials, as well as manufacturing technologies, repairs, and modernization of equipment that are subject to technical inspection. He’ll also conduct regulatory inspections at nuclear power plants and equipment manufacturers, as well as issue and enforce orders based on the outcomes of the inspections.
